Tyfu Heb Bridd ar gyfer Perlysiau
Mae galw cynyddol am berlysiau ffres megis basil, persli, coriander a mintys, ymhlith defnyddwyr wrth i chwaeth ehangu ac mae ffocws parhaus ar fwyd iach, maethlon. Mae perlysiau mewn sefyllfa dda i elwa ar y tuedd hwn. Gall symiau bach o berlysiau ffres ychwanegu at flas unrhyw bryd ac er bod y rhai yn elfennau hollbwysig mewn nifer o wahanol fathau o fwydydd rhanbarthol, er enghraifft bwyd Asiaidd, mae llawer o ddefnyddwyr yn hoffi defnyddio perlysiau i roi blas ar saladau neu brydau melys.
O safbwynt garddwriaeth, mae perlysiau yn cynrychioli cynnyrch delfrydol sydd wedi’i gynhyrchu’n lleol: mae’n gynnyrch gwerth uchel â llif uchel sy’n gallu arddangos gostyngiadau cyflym i flas ac ansawdd mewn cadwyni cyflenwi estynedig. Drwy gynyddu argaeledd cynnyrch perlysiau o safon uchel, sydd wedi’u tyfu’n lleol, gall tyfwyr fanteisio ar alw cynyddol ymhlith defnyddwyr a chynyddu proffidioldeb eu menter newydd. Mae cynnyrch ffres sydd wedi’i dyfu yng Nghymru hefyd yn alinio â gweledigaeth hirdymor Llywodraeth Cymru ar gyfer garddwriaeth, i arallgyfeirio allbwn garddwriaeth traddodiadol sy’n cyflawni galw defnyddwyr am gynnyrch lleol. Mae perlysiau sydd wedi’u tyfu yng Nghymru yn nwydd cynaliadwy y gellir ei fwyta’n ffres neu ei ddefnyddio mewn cynnyrch bwyd a diod o Gymru.
Mae perlysiau yn gnwd elw cyflym ar fuddsoddiad i fenter hydroponeg, naill ai fel busnes newydd neu ddatblygiad o fusnes presennol. Gellir tyfu perlysiau mewn tai gwydr neu strwythurau twnelau polythen, gan gynnwys y rhai sydd wedi’u datblygu at ddefnydd addurniadol, sy’n galluogi tyfwyr i ehangu eu menter presennol yn ddi-dor. Gellir tyfu perlysiau sy’n cael eu tyfu mewn systemau hydroponeg ar ddwyster uchel gyda chylchoedd cnydau byr, yn cynhyrchu cynnyrch 3 i 4 gwaith yn fwy fesul ardal uned, o gymharu â dulliau traddodiadol. Gall basil sydd wedi’i dyfu mewn cafnau greu 1.5-2 cilogram/m2 o gynnyrch o fewn 45 diwrnod ar gyfer planhigion aeddfed, a gall persli gyflawni 3-5 cilogram/m2 o fewn cyfnod tyfu o 28 diwrnod.
Mae dwyster plannu uchel hefyd yn cynyddu effeithlonrwydd rheolaethau biolegol ar gyfer rheoli plâu a chlefydau yn yr ardaloedd gwreiddio ac egino. Gall y costau llafur is sy’n gysylltiedig â chynhyrchu mewn pentwr neu ar uchder bwrdd, a’r gallu i reoli’r amgylchedd tyfu yn golygu y gellir cyflawni’r effeithlonrwydd uchaf o ran adnoddau gyda’r posibilrwydd o allu ei dyfu drwy’ flwyddyn gyfan, gyda goleuadau ategol a newydd.
Er y gellir dechrau ar ddulliau tyfu heb bridd ar raddfa fach, gan ddefnyddio technoleg syml, gellir cyfuno hyn gyda thechnoleg tyfu arloesol, gan gynnwys goleuadau deuod allyrru golau (LED) er mwyn hyrwyddo ffotosynthesis ac ymestyn hyd diwrnod; synhwyro cnydau er mwyn monitro tymheredd, defnydd o ddŵr, iechyd cnydau ac achosion o blâu a chlefydau; cyfoethogi gyda charbon deuocsid er mwyn cynyddu sefydlogiad carbon ac ysgogi cnydau gwerthadwy iawn a chnydau o safon rhagorol. Drwy gyfuno technolegau gellir datblygu cynnyrch uchel iawn a systemau cynhyrchu cnydau effeithlon.
Ysgrifennwyd y pecyn offer fel canllaw ymarferol i dyfwyr sy’n ceisio arallgyfeirio eu busnes gan ddefnyddio technegau hydroponeg.
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